Recall the standard decimation method in Figure 1.
Note that this procedure is computationally inefficient
because it discards the majority of the computed filter
outputs. Through the use of the Noble identities, it is
possible to rearrange
Figure 1
so that filter outputs are not discarded.
In order to apply the Noble identity for decimation, we must
transform HzHz into its
upsampled polyphase components
H
p
zM
H
p
z
M
,
p=0…M-1
p
0
…
M
1
, defined previously in the context of polyphase
interpolation.
Hz=∑nhnz-n=∑k∑p=0M-1hkM+pz-kM-p
H
z
n
n
h
n
z
n
k
k
p
0
M
1
h
k
M
p
z
k
M
p
(1)
via
k≔⌊nM⌋
≔
k
n
M
,
p≔nmodM
≔
p
n
M
Hz=∑p=0M-1∑k
h
p
kz-kMz-p
H
z
p
0
M1
k
k
h
p
k
z
k
M
z
p
(2)
via
h
p
k≔hkM+p
≔
h
p
k
h
k
M
p
Hz=∑p=0M-1
H
p
zMz-p
H
z
p
0
M1
H
p
z
M
z
p
(3)
Using these unsampled polyphase components, the preceding
block diagram can be redrawn as
Figure 2.
Applying the Noble identity for decimation to Figure 2 yields Figure 3. The ladder of delays and
downsamplers on the left below accomplishes a form of
serial-to-parallel conversion.